As the junior high school physical and mental changes in a series of special, also appeared on the personality development of many new features, manifested in self-awareness, emotional feelings, daily attitude and relationship with parents and peers, and many other aspects. On the whole , the characteristics of personality in two junior high school students, one is uneven; the other is extreme or paranoid.
a self-awareness is high
Many psychologists believe that the development of adolescent self-consciousness is the second leaps and bounds.
in individuals before puberty, there had been a leap in the development of self-awareness, aged about 1 to 3 years old, is a child can use the pronoun . Over the next several years time, the children's self-consciousness, while still continuing to develop with, but the pace of development is relatively flat and stable.
puberty, due to the rapid development of the body, so that middle school students are quickly emerged adult physical characteristics. because the physiological changes that occur too suddenly, so that they hold, while a bewildered feeling, consciously or unconsciously, the idea itself has been playing from the objective world in which the pumping back a large part, redirect to the subjective world, so once again into the ideology of self, which leads to the second leap of self-consciousness. Its outstanding performance is more abundant with the inner world of junior high school together, in their daily life and learning , often a lot of mind for introspection. I describe the objective world scene, while the junior high school students, though still describe the objective world, but in their description, but a very strong personal feelings with emotional tone, more prominent in the composition of individual preferences, problems and hopes and so on.
Again, the same diary, the diary in the primary school, the main account of what happened that day, and their superficial understanding of this; and the attitude of a diary is not conscious, often forcing teachers and parents The down completed; level of confidentiality for the diary and no excessive demands, and sometimes even take the initiative to offer to others. Japan, a survey of psychologists, junior high school diary of significant changes have taken place, first place in the diary content was changes, and junior high school students more focused on the elucidation of their own diary of the experience and feelings, these experiences and feelings directly from the self-observation, self-reflection, self-criticism and self-expectations; Secondly, the attitude of junior high school diary is totally voluntary, really comes from the expression of inner thoughts and emotions need to vent; third change is that they began the diary as his absolute secrecy, to keep careful not let anyone look. changes in the characteristics of junior high school diary to show their inner world gradually rich, often immersed in on the They always think they are right, not listen to the views of others; the other hand, they feel that other people always seem to find fault with the harsh attitude towards them, so when I hear someone speak in a low voice, is in discussions to conclude own; When you see people smiling, and that is to laugh at myself; if a teacher looked at him more, would that be so wrong hh short, they feel that people around him all the time in the tasting , the idea that middle school students feel depressed, lonely and nervous.
junior high self-awareness that suddenly makes his personality a temporary imbalance occurs.
two rebellious against
A junior psychology is widespread psychological characteristics of personality. The main features for the exclusion of all external forces to the awareness and behavioral tendencies.
(a) against the psychological causes of sudden self-consciousness
junior high revolt led to the first occurrence of a psychological cause. With the junior high self-awareness, they are more inclined to maintain a good self-image, seeking independence and self-esteem, but some of their thoughts and behavior can not be accepted reality , repeated setbacks, so they produce a too radical idea that obstacles to its action from the adult, they have a psychological resistance.
excitability of the central nervous system leading to excessive resistance of the first occurrence of middle school students two reasons. Physiologists have noted that only when the central nervous system function and the corresponding body parts of the peripheral activities to coordinate, the individual's mind and body can only in a state of harmony. but the physiology of the survey show that just started in adolescence, the individual concerned of the central nervous system activity was significantly increased, but not yet mature gonadal function of the two is not coordinated ([Su] TB Code Borisov, Liu Hongzhi translation: 1985 edition). The results showed, the individual is over-active state of central nervous system, the junior high school students for a variety of peripheral stimuli, including other people's attitudes to their performance too sensitive, the reaction is too strong.
in the normal case, the external stimulus intensity and nervous system response there is a certain dependence between the two should be coordinated. But in junior high school stage, this dependence is affected, resulting in a weaker stimulus for junior high school students , also gives a very strong reaction. often fly into a rage because of the small stuff.
independent consciousness is generated rebellious junior high school third reason. junior high school students eager to claim the right to independence, the parents had given life care and emotional obstacles to independence as a caress, the teachers and other members of society but also as guidance and teachings of the shackles of their own development. In order to get the psychological feeling of independence they have any kind of external force tend to have different degrees of exclusion. So, it can be said of the rebellious junior high school students, in large part to deny their own children, and confirm that they have a mature individual.
(b) performance against the psychological
the development of the individual, about the existence of two resistance. The first revolt of the appeared in the 2-year-old to 4 years old, almost self-conscious development of the first leap of overlap. It is mainly during the child's resistance point to the body aspects, namely, their parents against the constraints of physical activity.
appeared in the second revolt of the middle phase, when the resistance is mainly directed against some of the psychological content, for example, want adults to respect them and acknowledge they have independent personality.
junior high school students in general the following some specific cases, prone to acts of resistance:
First, the sense of independence impeded. Junior independence requirements of the heart is very strong, but parents are not mentally prepared for this or have not yet had time to adapt to this situation, still the past that is very caring attitude towards them, resulting in acts of resistance.
Second, the autonomy has been neglected or hampered. If parents do not listen to the views of junior high school, will they blindly placed in a subordinate position to dominate.
Third, when the personality hindered when extended, it will be quite as objectionable.
the fourth, when the adults forced to accept some kind of junior point of view, the latter refused to blindly accept showed a tendency to fight.
junior high school students on a variety of means of resistance, sometimes expressed very strongly, and sometimes the way to confront hidden within, often following specific performance:
1. took a tough stance A significant proportion of violent behavior
junior, is a no avail, but after things calm, this will be a strong revolt quickly disappeared.
2. indifferent to the relative cold resistance
another junior high school students in explicit behavior does not show, only in implicit consciousness. This situation often appears in the character of the students within the body. They do not directly contradict the object to be resistance, but take a indifferent attitude of relative indifference, turned a deaf ear on each other's views. This attitudes and emotions is not easy against the specific scenario changes with the transfer, with a stubborn resistance.
3. against junior opposition
migration of migratory behavior is that when one aspect of a person's words and deeds cause when their aversion to this kind of resentment and exclusion tend to migrate to all aspects of the character, or even all of these personal negative; Similarly, when an adult is not a member of the group they satisfied, they tend to in all members of the groups are to be excluded. This migration resistance, often in front of the junior high school students in the non-confused, about the emotional factors, they often will reject some of the things right away, giving them growth adversely.
Third, emotional performance characteristics of the conflict
emotional expression in the junior high school students, it also fully reflects the semi-mature, semi-naive contradictory characteristics. With the development of mental ability and junior high school students the expansion of life experiences, their emotional feelings and expressions, as in the past that are no longer single, but still far less then the stability of adult emotional experience, showing a clear two sides.
(a) strong, furious and gentle, delicate coexistence
junior high school students are sometimes strong and emotional performance of violent, some people have used relatively much greater intensity of reaction, even to the extent of stirring.
but the performance of junior high school students are not blindly feeling strong, and sometimes also showed a mild, delicate features.
the so-called mild mood, is Some of the individual mood is decorated in the text, after, in a more relaxed forms. with childhood and childhood than children of junior high school students have accumulated more experience and understanding of the different emotions in relationships with the fact that the different roles, so they are not emotional expression has been very open and full and proper control of certain negative emotions, or the text of a mood to be decorated to the form of relative ease.
the delicate nature of the so-called emotional is detailed on the emotional experience of individual characteristics. junior high school students has gradually overcome the emotional experience of the unity of childhood and rough sex, emotional expression becomes more abundant and detailed, but some emotions are not directly caused by external stimuli, It added a lot of subjective factors. For example, when many middle school students in after reading a literary and artistic works, will for a long time in a certain mood, this kind of sentiment does not simply come from the contents of the book, there are a considerable part through their subjective thinking and imagination and the more complex derived emotions and emotional experience.
(b) emotional variability and coexistence
stubborn mood variability refers to the emotional experience is not enough stability, often from a mood into another emotional characteristics. emotional trait is generally not as deep and emotional experience caused by the junior high school students who despite the intensity of emotional expression on the surface is large, but the depth of experience is not directly proportional to this, a mood easily replaced by another emotion.
stubborn mood, refers to a kind of emotional experience on the stubborn, because middle school students in the understanding of objective things, but also There paranoid features, which creates emotional obstinacy. For example, some middle school students because of several setbacks would be completely helpless and overwhelmed by feelings of depression, can not get rid of a very long time.
(c) the performance of coexistence within and
emotional introversion, emotional expression is a form of concealment. junior high school students in the emotional performance has gradually lost that simple and straightforward no cover, in some cases, can be joy, anger, sadness and joy and other emotions are not hidden in the hearts of the performance.
emotional expression, refers to the process of emotional disclosure, consciously or unconsciously, on the show traces of areas. junior high school students in the group sometimes in order to herd or some other ideas, some will show the original color with a layer of emotion. in the loss of emotional disclosure on the nature of the kind of childhood, with an artificial mark.
Fourth, interpersonal
on new features to make friends in junior high school students, too, showed completely different characteristics and childhood.
these new features mainly in the following areas.
(a) gradually communication methods to overcome the gangs of children
childhood friends make the most obvious feature is to make friends with the gang phenomenon, expressed as 6,7 exchanges and children often play together. In this interaction, children felt the physical and mental freedom and pleasure. Therefore, to make a new friend, the primary school age is the age group. to upper primary, form of this gang had friends came to a head, and then becoming more and more disintegrated, by the new replaced by the exchanges in the form.
after puberty, junior high school students highlights a number of psychological unease and anxiety. They need to have a pour trouble, exchange ideas and to keep a secret place, and friends of the gang form is not available this function. Therefore, diminishing the scope of their friends, and junior high school best friend is usually one or two. the standard of their choice of friends include the following aspects: �� of the interest and the pursuit of a common, �� a common the depression and worry, �� similar character, �� understand each other in many ways and so on. junior high school students between friends is usually the same sex, this stage of the relationship between friends is also very close, the relative stability and established a friendship lasting.
(b) in the junior high school friend of the increasingly important life stages of different age
individuals live in different areas of human relationships, feelings that have different points of the object.
The children mainly with individual members of the family constitutes a psychological relationship between the exchanges.
Although primary school children the same age have their own favorite friends, but still very emotionally dependent on their parents.
into middle school, junior high school Students will focus increasingly biased in favor of the feelings of close friends. Chen Mei Zeng Yi of primary, junior high school and college students as subjects, conducted a survey. One of the questions in the questionnaire: who often talk about things? . It is not difficult to see, friends, relations in the eyes of junior high school students become increasingly important (Chen Mei: the significance of friends have a new understanding. They think: Friends should be able to with the joys and sorrows, to get support and help from each other. Therefore, the quality of their friends had a special request that the Friends should be honest , common sense, concern for others, keep a secret. In junior high school students in daily interactions, often between good friends with each other publicly they think the most important thing a secret. This exchange on the development of Middle School Students are positive, can make them a better understanding by others to their own inner world of what happened, a better understanding of their own.
views and actions on the same junior high school friends is one of the important psychological approach. In some occasions, often between good friends to work out a consistent course of action if a violation of policy, we should be severely condemned. They believed that an agreement can be loyal, faithful friend is a very important measure of the scale of friendship. < br> There is also a junior high school students in making friends on the multi-level characteristics, aptitudes and preferences as they developed more and more widely, more and more rich inner life, the harder it at a friend who meet their various needs. Therefore, they A friend may contact with a limited interest in one aspect, but not with another friend the other hand, the exchanges and interest only.
friendship between junior high friends than friends of all ages after the Friendship is more straightforward, more easily observed. friendship between the intensity of the larger boys, but friendship between the girls show more moderate, more delicate.
friend of junior high school students for the development of various psychological levels and their Emotional stability is very important. With friends, they will show more enthusiasm, more active, more full of confidence and courage, and better development of social capabilities.
(c) and heterosexual friends relationship
in early childhood and childhood, children are generally gender-neutral exchanges, often with the game boys and girls, even when the separation of sex, not because of gender consciousness per se, but because of the there differences in interest.
after entering junior high school boys and girls between the characteristics of a new, two are becoming aware of gender issues, and to each other gradually became interested in each other. However, in the initial stage, they for the opposite sex interest was expressed in an expression of the opposite manner, or in front of female students revealed the rather indifferent; or in the words and actions show contempt for the students of the opposite sex; or in an unfriendly way to attack each other. In short , on the surface, they are not close to each other, but mutually exclusive.
to the late middle stage, between boys and girls beginning to get along. and, in some boys and girls in mind, that one of their favorite the opposite sex. survey showed that girls who generally behave natural, friendly, not rude, energetic boys more likely to feel good; boys generally good for those instruments, gentle, lively and easy to feel good about the girls. but the boys and girls generally do not this kind of emotion coming out, in many cases, only a permanent secret. because, over time, with all aspects of their development and maturity, with the values of the constant changes and adjustments, resulting in the junior secondary level such feelings are likely to continue to gradually fade, even disappear.
Therefore, male and female junior affection between students is very immature, and lacking a solid foundation, there is little to keep down and eventually for love and marriage. But, as long as done properly, the control in the very limited extent, this feeling has a certain significance. When a junior high school student in love with a heterosexual, he (she) naturally want them to accept their own , so you can more consciously in accordance with the standards of a good boy, as much as possible to improve themselves, so as to promote all aspects of development. However, if the development of this relationship indefinitely, it will hinder the normal progress of junior high school students.
After puberty, the relationship between junior high school students and parents, subtle changes have taken place.
performance in many aspects of this change. If:
1. emotional junior from
Students have the emotional attachment of other objects, and their parents will be as before the emotional intimacy.
2.
behavior of junior high school students from the very strong desire for independence, against parents in the behavior of their interference and control.
3.
junior high school students from the point of view on any event like their analysis and judgments, unwilling to accept the ready-made concepts and norms. Therefore, they always believed in the past many of the parents should re-examine the view, and examine the results are often inconsistent with the views of parents.
4.
parents example and reduce expansion of the scope of life as the junior high school students, there will be other adult image through various channels into their mind, some of these characters and both are close to the desired level of image contrast, parents eclipsed; the other hand, with the junior high school level of thinking and understanding of capacity, will gradually found in the parent body, is not aware of some of the past shortcomings, which will weaken the role of parental example.
(v) changes in the relationship between teachers at the primary stage
, most of the relationship between children and teachers are more friendly. General , the students can accept any type of teacher.
junior high school students do not blindly accept any one teacher. they began to judge teachers, but also in the minds of each student has one or two of the most admired teachers. Junior Health favorite teachers generally have the following characteristics: knowledgeable, high level of instruction, a gracious, concerned about the growth of the students, energetic and so on. In the eyes of junior high school students, their favorite teachers can achieve almost perfect level, and can teachers in action to make the best of these reactions. For example, teachers in charge of their favorite subjects, will work hard to learn; for the demands made of teachers, will be very careful to perform; for this teachers to the various views and opinions will no doubt learn to accept and so on.
Similarly, in the eyes of junior high school students, there are always one or two of their least favorite teachers. psychologically, junior high school students about their teachers did not like refusing to take a variety of opinions.
five negative mood
junior psychologists believe that the individual human mind and body to achieve harmony, they must complete the process of psychological integration. psychological integration process at least the following two areas:
First, continuous link. through this link the individual to realize that I am now the development and changes from the past I came, their present and future all In the past, based on developed.
Second, the unity of links. through this link the individual to realize that they are all aspects of a unified, coherent whole.
is generally believed that the individual be 25 years old, and even and then later to complete the task of this kind of psychological integration to achieve a stable and balanced state of mind.
junior high school students with its tremendous physical changes occurring in the psychological aspects of continuous integration and unity have appeared on the part of a temporary confusion, resulting in the acceptance of their own they can not very well, some negative mood.
(a) a sudden increase in troubled
into junior high school, many new issues coming up, so that middle school students is difficult in a short time adaptation, adding a lot of trouble.
1. do not know what kind of attitude seen in the appearance of the image before the public
changes to junior high school students have to change their image in the eyes of the urgent needs of others, but how to change should be based on what kind of popping up to get other people's recognition and love, of many similar problems, they can not find a satisfactory answer.
2. relationship with their parents more and more cracks in junior high school students feel their parents
can not understand their ideas, and some of their wishes and requirements also often suffer from their parents to stop and interference, which caused their feelings of alienation with their parents. how to win understanding and support of their parents? How can relationship with their parents during childhood once again return to the kind of intimate level? not harmonious relationship with their parents in the end who is at fault and other issues are often plagued junior high school students.
3. I do not know how to maintain or establish their own people in the companion rightful place among the
on this issue there are usually two cases. In one case, some of the junior high school students in primary school performance are outstanding in all aspects, has always been excellent by peers. but into the After junior high school, due to many reasons, the status of the companion relative reduction, which makes it difficult to accept, a strong hope to partner with in the past to maintain their superior status, but very difficult.
Another situation is that Some junior high school peers in the past have never had the superior position, but at the time, and they are the negative feelings do not seem too deep. After entering junior high school, with high self-awareness, self-esteem of junior high school students increased access to the needs of They want their partner to accept, affirmation, love yourself. This desire haunt those who have never had such personal experience, but slightly less than the capacity of students.
(b) Psychologists lonely
early adolescence to young people in this age group known as the .
from the onset of puberty a to adapt to independent living. junior high school students in the real inner conflicts and setbacks encountered in the more, on many issues can not rely on its own strength and ability to solve, but also do not want to help parents or other people, worry about damage independent personality . Therefore, to produce a solitary state of mind.
(c) is suppressed suppressed
prevalent in junior high school students in a state of mind. depression is when the needs, desires and so can not be met and achieved, the resulting a kind of psychological experience.
with age, junior high school students produced a wide range of needs, both physical aspects, but also psychological. but there are many needs are not met, the reasons are manifold, sometimes impractical because the desire itself; sometimes because of social restrictions on the resistance or the parents; also sometimes because of their lack of experience and cause failure. Thus, the junior high school students self-esteem are vulnerable to hit, but there are assertive or aggressive impulses In the case of this conflict, often in the depressed state of mind.
, of course, in addition to the above listed several heart outside, junior high school students also has some positive state of mind, for example, vision is very present in the stage A typical positive state of mind. but generally speaking, in the middle stage of the individual's state of mind at this age, the large proportion of negative elements. Thus, the special needs of parents and other educational forces of social guidance and assistance to be careful.
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